A novel radar signal recognition method based on a deep restricted Boltzmann machine

Radar signal recognition is of great importance in the field of electronic intelligence reconnaissance. To deal with the problem of parameter complexity and agility of multi-function radars in radar signal recognition, a new model called radar signal recognition based on the deep restricted Boltzmann machine (RSRDRBM) is proposed to extract the feature parameters and recognize the radar emitter. This model is composed of multiple restricted Boltzmann machines. A bottom-up hierarchical unsupervised learning is used to obtain the initial parameters, and then the traditional back propagation (BP) algorithm is conducted to fine-tune the network parameters. Softmax algorithm is used to classify the results at last. Simulation and comparison experiments show that the proposed method has the ability of extracting the parameter features and recognizing the radar emitters, and it is characterized with strong robustness as well as highly correct recognition rate

Sequential emitter identification method based on D-S evidence theory

This paper proposes a novel sequential identification method for enhancing the anti-jamming performance and for accurate recognition rate of the emitters’ individual identification in the complicated environment. The proposed method integrates the D-S evidence theory and features extraction that can get the utmost out of features of information systems and decrease the influence of uncertain factors in the signal processing. Firstly, selected features are extracted from intercepted signals. Then, the proposed self-adaptive fusing rule based on the decision vector is utilized to fuse the evidences that are transformed by features and the previous fusing information. Finally, recognition results can be obtained by judgment rules. The simulation analysis demonstrates that self-adaptive fusing rule can achieve a great balance between computational efficiency and accurate identifying rate. While comparing with other identifying methods, the proposed sequential identifying method can provide more accurate and stable recognition results, which makes the utmost care and use of existing information

Lifestyle Factors During the Midlife and Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis Later in Life: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation

Menopause has adverse effects on cardiometabolic profiles that are linked to an accelerated progression of atherosclerosis and increased risk of cardiovascular disease in women. Thus, the menopausal transition may be a critical window for cardiovascular prevention in women, and lifestyle improvements during the menopausal transition may counteract the menopause-induced atherosclerotic risk. However, the potential impacts of lifestyle behaviors during the midlife on atherosclerosis later in life among women are still unclear. This dissertation evaluates the prospective associations of various lifestyle factors during the midlife with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis later in women’s life. Data from the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation were used. Repeatedly collected lifestyle-related exposures, including dietary intake, smoking status, and physical activity, were available over 10 years. The measures of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis included common carotid artery intima-media thickness, adventitial diameter, and carotid plaque, all collected approximately 14 years after the baseline. In Chapter 2, the prospective associations between the intakes of eight beverage groups (coffee, tea, sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, fruit juices, whole milk, milk with lower fat content, and alcoholic beverages) during the midlife and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis were examined. A total of 931 midlife women were included in this analysis. The main findings indicated that occasional coffee intake during the midlife (no more than 2 cups per day) was positively associated with intima-media thickness later in life whereas moderate-to-heavy intake (more than 4 cups per day) might be inversely associated with intima-media thickness. Further, moderate intake of alcoholic beverages was inversely associated with intima-media thickness. In Chapter 3, the prospective associations of empirically derived dietary patterns with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis were assessed. A total of 1,246 midlife women were included in this analysis. Three statistical methods, including principal component analysis, reduced rank regression, and partial least squares regression, were used to identify dietary patterns. A Western dietary pattern was identified from each method. Further, a positive association between the Western diet and intima-media thickness was found under all three statistical methods. The findings suggested that the adoption of a diet low in red meat, processed meat, deep fried products, and sugar-sweetened beverages during the midlife might protect against future atherosclerosis in women. In Chapter 4, a 10-year average midlife Healthy Lifestyle Score was constructed using data on smoking, diet, and physical activity from 1,143 women. The prospective association between the Healthy Lifestyle Score and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis was evaluated. The prevalences of healthy behaviors were extremely low in midlife women. Further, women who had a healthy lifestyle during the midlife, composed of abstinence from smoking, having a healthy diet, and engagement in regular physical activity, had less subclinical carotid atherosclerosis later in their life. Among the three components of the Healthy Lifestyle Score, abstinence from smoking had the strongest association with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis. This dissertation highlights the midlife as a pivotal period for cardiovascular prevention in women and suggests that primary prevention efforts should focus on modifiable behaviors including diet, smoking, and physical activity. In the final chapter, the public health implications of the findings are discussed, and potential future research directions are reviewed.PHDEpidemiological ScienceUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/149800/1/dqwang_1.pd

Image comparisons among analysis, simulation and experimental solutions about stress distribution in rings loaded by multiple symmetrical radial forces

The theorem of energy valley state and a particular solution of Airy biharmonic equation will be used in the stress analysis in the rings loaded by the multiple- fold symmetrical forces to obtain stresses formulas. The varied stress graphs have been plotted with these formulas and FEM, revealing their periods of symmetry of forces

InpaintNeRF360: Text-Guided 3D Inpainting on Unbounded Neural Radiance Fields

Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) can generate highly realistic novel views. However, editing 3D scenes represented by NeRF across 360-degree views, particularly removing objects while preserving geometric and photometric consistency, remains a challenging problem due to NeRF's implicit scene representation. In this paper, we propose InpaintNeRF360, a unified framework that utilizes natural language instructions as guidance for inpainting NeRF-based 3D scenes.Our approach employs a promptable segmentation model by generating multi-modal prompts from the encoded text for multiview segmentation. We apply depth-space warping to enforce viewing consistency in the segmentations, and further refine the inpainted NeRF model using perceptual priors to ensure visual plausibility. InpaintNeRF360 is capable of simultaneously removing multiple objects or modifying object appearance based on text instructions while synthesizing 3D viewing-consistent and photo-realistic inpainting. Through extensive experiments on both unbounded and frontal-facing scenes trained through NeRF, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach and showcase its potential to enhance the editability of implicit radiance fields

ROS/TRPA1/CGRP signaling mediates cortical spreading depression

Abstract Objectives The transient receptor potential ankyrin A 1 (TRPA1) channel and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) are targets for migraine prophylaxis. This study aimed to understand their mechanisms in migraine by investigating the role of TRPA1 in cortical spreading depression (CSD) in vivo and exploring how reactive oxygen species (ROS)/TRPA1/CGRP interplay in regulating cortical susceptibility to CSD. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used for detecting TRPA1 expression. CSD was induced by K+ on the cerebral cortex, monitored using electrophysiology in rats, and intrinsic optical imaging in mouse brain slices, respectively. Drugs were perfused into contralateral ventricle of rats. Lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) analysis was used for indicating ROS level. Results TRPA1 was expressed in cortical neurons and astrocytes of rats and mice. TRPA1 deactivation by an anti-TRPA1 antibody reduced cortical susceptibility to CSD in rats and decreased ipsilateral MDA level induced by CSD. In mouse brain slices, H2O2 facilitated submaximal CSD induction, which disappeared by the antioxidant, tempol and the TRPA1 antagonist, A-967079; Consistently, TRPA1 activation reversed prolonged CSD latency and reduced magnitude by the antioxidant. Further, blockade of CGRP prolonged CSD latency, which was reversed by H2O2 and the TRPA1 agonist, allyl-isothiocyanate, respectively. Conclusions ROS/TRPA1/CGRP signaling plays a critical role in regulating cortical susceptibility to CSD. Inhibition ROS and deactivation of TRPA1 channels may have therapeutic benefits in preventing stress-triggered migraine via CGRP

A Neighborhood-Impact Based Community Detection Algorithm via Discrete PSO

The paper addresses particle swarm optimization (PSO) into community detection problem, and an algorithm based on new label strategy is proposed. In contrast with other label propagation strategies, the main contribution of this paper is to design the definition of the impact of node and take it into use. Special initialization and update approaches based on it are designed in order to make full use of it. Experiments on synthetic and real-life networks show the effectiveness of proposed strategy. Furthermore, this strategy is extended to signed networks, and the corresponding objective function which is called modularity density is modified to be used in signed networks. Experiments on real-life networks also demonstrate that it is an efficacious way to solve community detection problem

Focusing particles by induced charge electrokinetic flow in a microchannel

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Song, Y., Wang, C., Li, M., Pan, X. and Li, D. (2016), Focusing particles by induced charge electrokinetic flow in a microchannel. ELECTROPHORESIS, 37: 666–675. doi:10.1002/elps.201500361, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.201500361. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.A novel method of sheathless particle focusing by induced charge electrokinetic flow in a microchannel is presented in this paper. By placing a pair of metal plates on the opposite walls of the channel and applying an electrical field, particle focusing is achieved due to the two pairs of vortex that constrain the flow of the particle solution. As an example, the trajectories of particles under different electrical fields with only one metal plate on one side channel wall were numerically simulated and experimentally validated. Other flow focusing effects, such as the focused width ratio (focused width/channel width) and length ratio (focused length/half-length of metal plate) of the sample solution, were also numerically studied. The results show that the particle firstly passes through the gaps between the upstream vortices and the channel walls. Afterwards, the particle is focused to pass through the gap between the two downstream vortices that determine the focused particle position. Numerical simulations show that the focused particle stream becomes thin with the increases in the applied electrical field and the length of the metal plates. As regards to the focused length ratio of the focused stream, however, it slightly increases with the increase in the applied electrical field and almost keeps constant with the increase in the length of the metal plate. The size of the focused sample solution, therefore, can be easily adjusted by controlling the applied electrical field and the sizes of the metal plates